This document is intended to serve as a best practice for the identification and “seeding” of nondestructively detectable flaw replicas of metal alloy PBF and DED processes. Three seeding categories are described:

a) process flaws through CAD design;

b) build parameter manipulation;

c) subtractive manufacturing.

These include flaws present within as-deposited materials, post heat-treated or HIP processed material, and those flaws made detectable because of post-processing operations. Geometrical aspects or measurement are not the subjects of this document.

WARNING — This document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.